En gros et si j'ai bien compris, ces réglages te permettent de décider à partir de quelle luminance les pixels seront assimilés à du blanc ou du noir purs.
Quand je fais mon préview (négas N&B) je joue principalement sur le point blanc, en ajustant de manière à ce qu'on n'aie plus dans la prévisualisation cet aspect cramé que l'on voit souvent dans les HL de scans. Pour la couleur, j'ai tellement peu de pratique avec que je ne pourrai pas t'aider beaucoup plus. RTFM...
Extrait du
manuel (il y a une version française mais pas très à jour
ici.
Color | Black point
The black point is used by the color balance algorithm and is computed by using the histogram of each color in the image. Use this option to leave the black point at the minimum intensity (0%), or to choose the black point such that some percentage of the pixels in the image are below the black point.
The default black point is 0. Setting a higher value will cause tones close to black to become pure black, which can improve contrast. However, setting the black point too high will cause shadow detail to be lost.
Color | White point
The white point is used by the color balance algorithm and is computed by using the histogram of each color in the image. Use this option to leave the white point at the maximum intensity (0%), or to choose the white point such that some percentage of the pixels in the image are above the white point.
The default white point is 1% (that is, the brightest 1% of pixels are all converted to pure white). Setting a higher value will cause tones close to white to become pure white. This can improve contrast and overall intensity of the image. Setting the white point too high will cause details in areas of highlights (e.g. the gray puffs of a cloud) to be lost, making the image look flat.